Essay on Cathedral by Raymond Carver - 1290 Words

The story of Cathedral, by Raymond Carver, shows that you do not have to see someone or something in order to appreciate them for who or what they are. It is about a husband, the narrator, and his wife who live in a house. The wife, whose name they do not mention, has a very close friend who is blind. His name is Robert. Roberts wife dies, and comes to their house to spend a couple of days with the narrator and his wife. The narrator, whose name they do not mention as well, is always on edge because he does not really know Robert very well and he does not like blind people, but he is being friendly for his wifes sake. The story comes to an end when Robert and the narrator draw a cathedral together using the narrators hand and helped by†¦show more content†¦He only sees people for what they are on the outside, but is blind to appreciating the true beauty of a persons inner self. You begin to understand this better when the narrator goes to say prayers, and this baffles the wi fe. The narrator says, Now let us pray, I said, and the blind man lowered his head. My wife looked at me, her mouth agape. Pray the phone wont ring and the food doesnt get cold, I said. Now normally prayers are said to show appreciation to all that God has blessed you with. The narrator prays in a cold type of way, because he cannot believe in a God if he does not appreciate the beauty of ones inner self. #8232;#8232; The second thing that makes the theme or message come out is the characterization in the story. In Cathedral, there are three main characters. The most important character in the story is Robert, the blind friend of the wifes. Unlike the narrator, Robert cannot physically see, but has a clear vision of appreciating the persons true inner self. For example, when the narrator cannot comprehend how Roberts wife even loved Robert. He says,#8232;It was beyond my understanding. Hearing this, I felt sorry for the blind man for a little bit. And then I found myself thinking what a pitiful life this woman must have led. Imagine a woman who could never see herself as she was seen in the eyes of her loved one. A woman who could go on day after day and never receive the smallest complimentShow MoreRelated`` Cathedral `` By Raymond Carver992 Words   |  4 Pages â€Å"Cathedral† is a short story that was written by Raymond Carver in 1981. Raymond Carver is most well known for his short s tories and is even an writer credited with reviving the then dying form of literature. A part of a collection of short stories, â€Å"Cathedral† was the last to be published and was included in 1982’s Best American Short Stories. â€Å"Cathedral is different from the other works of Carver due to the humanistic realism that is given to his characters, which had not been seen before in hisRead MoreCathedral (by Raymond Carver)1131 Words   |  5 PagesCathedral: A Lesson for the Ages Raymond Carver s short story, Cathedral, portrays a story in which many in today s society can relate. We are introduced from the first sentence of the story to a man that seems to be perturbed and agitated. As readers, we are initially unsure to the reasoning s behind the man s discomfort. The man, who seems to be a direct portrayal of Raymond Carver himself, shows his ignorance by stereotyping a blind man by the name of Robert, who has come to stay withRead MoreThe Cathedral By Raymond Carver Essay937 Words   |  4 Pages â€Å"Cathedral† Born on May 25, 1938 in Clatskanie, Oregon, Raymond Carver was destined to be a writer. He was a son of a sawmill worker and grew up working hard majority of his life. He married year after he finished high school and had two children with his wife at the time. He raised and supported his children with normal working class jobs such as delivering, janitorial and gas station services. Carver discovered his interest in writing after taking a creative writing course in collegeRead More`` Cathedral `` By Raymond Carver1027 Words   |  5 Pagesfirst, I thought she was ridiculous, and I laughed at her. But later, I realized that she was suffering a hard disease and that was the reason she had lost her hair. I felt bad myself because at the end I was the ridiculous. In the story, â€Å"Cathedral† by Raymond Carver the narrator was thinking wrongly about Robert because Robert was a blind man. The narrator was accustomed to what we usually watch on TV about blind people. He thought that Robert was one of those who walked slowly accompanied by a dogRead MoreThe Cathedral By Raymond Carver978 Words   |  4 PagesIn â€Å"The Cathedral† by Raymond Carver, a man named Robert is coming to spend the night at the narrator’s house. Robert is a friend of the narrator’s wife who happens to be blind, which doesn’t sit well with the narrator. Robert and his wife have a ten year relationship which started with her working for him. Since then they’ve stayed in contact by sending audiotapes to each other. When Robert reaches the house, the narrator is a bit uncomfortable. The first reason being because the man is blind, andRead MoreThe Cathedral By Raymond Carver1202 Words   |  5 Pagesâ€Å"Cathedral† written by Raymond Carver is a short story that unfolds as a first-person narrative of the main character named Bub. The story beautifully depicts the process of an individual who transforms from a person with lack of knowledge a nd ignorant towards knowledgeable soul, due to an encounter with his wife’s blind friend Robert, to an individual that is enlightened. The cathedral, in this story, is a mere subject brought up at the end of this story which becomes the object of his enlightenmentRead MoreThe Cathedral By Raymond Carver1294 Words   |  6 Pagesthat with self-awareness, a person â€Å"comes to know what [their] destiny is, who [their] wife or husband will be, what [their] mission in life will be† (Maslow 440). In the cases of those who aren’t aware of their self, like the narrator of â€Å"Cathedral† by Raymond Carver, they lack all behaviors of self-actualization as well as the experience of transcendence that follows suit. In order to open the door to their selves, a â€Å"metacounselor† guides them through their mind or activities that would embrace individualityRead MoreThe Cathedral by Raymond Carver1281 Words   |  5 PagesThe Cathedral by Raymond Carver is an exemplar of a literature with the use of realism in which a realistic, non-ideal, ordinary life of an individual is depicted to represent a wider meaning in life or the society. The anecdote is narrated through the narrators point-of-view about a blind man, Robert, who is a friend of his wife. A theme is presented using a foil, Robert, or a character whose traits are ideal and contrast with the protagonists to highlight some qualities in the central characterRead MoreThe Cathedral By Raymond Carver1758 Words   |  8 PagesIn Raymond Carver’s â€Å"The Cathedral†, the unnamed husband narrators the tale of his wife’s old blind friend Robert coming to visit after not seeing each other for years. They had remained in contact through audiotapes, but the husband seems to not understand the significance of their relationship, showing distaste with the visit for the majority of the story, due to his uncomfortableness. In this story, the writer displays his t ale and its morals; by using the narration of the husband; Carver showsRead MoreThe Cathedral By Raymond Carver1280 Words   |  6 Pages Raymond Carver’s short story â€Å"The Cathedral† is one that was published with a collection of other books in 1983. This particular short story is one that presents multiple views, including real life ethical and stereotypical situations correlating with the specific time this story was published in. Through these ideas and also the symbols created through the characters one receives a vital message. This message that the author is trying to convey is to look further past what one may see at your

The Confusion Between Illusion and Reality in Death of a...

The line between reality and illusion is often blurred in Arthur Miller’s play, Death of a Salesman. Whether it is incorporated in the content or the actual structure, this struggle between recognizing reality from illusion turns into a strong theme; it eventually leads to the downfall of Willy and his family. Willy is incapable of recognizing who he is, and cannot realize that he, as well as his sons, is not capable of being successful in the business world. Happy and Biff both go through some battle between reality and illusion that cause a collapse in some part of their lives. The line between Willy’s flashbacks and current time also send him into turmoil when he cannot distinguish between the two. Willy believes that he is much more†¦show more content†¦The theme, confusion between reality and illusion leads to a downfall, applies here because in a way suicide is the ultimate downfall. Charley, a voice of reason, counter argues that â€Å"nobody’s w orth nothin’ dead† (98). Charley is consistently in reality and is one of the most successful people in the play. So, the fact that Charley recognizes reality in the harshest and brightest light is what kept him from experiencing a downfall in his life. If the Willy was not confused about the reality of his life, there may not have been such a great fall when his life amounted to less than he expected, and when Biff’s life did not turn out to be what he had hoped. Apart from Willy’s delusion of his own success, he also sees his sons as great successes in the business world, and that they will amount to so much in their lives. These boys cannot be successful because they have been â€Å"[blown] so full of hot air [they] could never stand taking orders from anybody† (131). Willy’s illusions about his sons not only ruined Willy’s life, but it caused these boys to have a false sense of reality, which is the theme. This false sense of reali ty leads to their downfall in the business world because Willy had built them up so high that they believed they should be the one giving the orders, not taking them. When Willy tells his boys â€Å"together [you] could absolutely lick the civilized world† (64), this is an example of the way Willy falsely sees his boys and fills theirShow MoreRelatedDeath Of A Salesman: Illusion In An American Tragedy Essay1738 Words   |  7 PagesWhen the realities of life become too harsh, humankind has a natural tendency to choose the most convenient solution to his problem: illusion. They build dreams and fantasies to conceal the more difficult truths of their lives. In his play Death of a Salesman, Arthur Miller portrays the hold of such illusions on individuals and its horrible consequences. Through the overly average, overly typical Loman family, Miller shows how dreams of a better life become, as Choudhuri put it, â€Å"fantasies to theRead More Illusion Versus Reality in Death of a Salesman Essay1532 Words   |  7 PagesIllusion Versus Reality in Death of a Salesman  Ã‚   A major theme and source of conflict throughout Millers play, Death of a Salesman, is the Loman familys inability to distinguish between reality and illusion.   This is particularly evident in the father, Willy Loman.   Willy has created a fantasy world for himself and his family.   In this world, he and his sons are men of greatness that have what it takes to make it in the business environment.   In reality, none of them can achieve greatnessRead More The Requiem Scene in Arthur Millers Death of a Salesman Essay740 Words   |  3 PagesThe Requiem Scene in Arthur Millers Death of a Salesman The death of Willy Loman was remembered by few.   He was mourned not because of his tragic death but because of his despairing life.   The Requiem scene in Death of a Salesman describes the ill-attended funeral of Willy, the tragic hero who struggled to fulfill his vision of the American Dream.   This scene brings closure to the play because the audience realizes that only in death is Willy able to accept the failure and false success thatRead More Elusive American Dream in Millers Death of a Salesman and Steinbecks Grapes of Wrath1137 Words   |  5 PagesThe Elusive American Dream in Millers Death of a Salesman and Steinbecks Grapes of Wrath The American dream of success through hard work and of unlimited opportunity in a vast country actually started before America was officially America, before the colonists broke away from England and established an independent country. That dream has endured and flourished for hundreds of years; as a result, American writers naturally turn to it for subject matter, theme, and structure. In examining itsRead More Dangers Behavior Exposed in Death of a Salesman Essay example1341 Words   |  6 PagesDangers Behavior Exposed in Death of a Salesman      Ã‚   Everyone has personal problems that they must face. In the play, Death of a Salesman, the author, Arthur Miller, explores the ways in which some people deal with these problems. Miller reveals Willy Lowman’s tendency to ignore problems as long as possible.   Willy never really does anything to help his situation; he just uses flashbacks to escape into the past.  Ã‚   Through his flashbacks he returns to happier times when problems were scarceRead More The Self Destruction Of Willy Loman - Death Of A Salesman Essay1001 Words   |  5 Pages In Death of a Salesman, by Arthur Miller, Willy Loman’s life seems to be slowly deteriorating. It is clear that Willy’s predicament is of his own doing, and that his own foolish pride and ignorance lead to his downfall. Willy’s self-destruction involved the uniting of several aspects of his life and his lack of grasping reality in each, consisting of, his relationship with his wife, his relationship and manner in which he brought up his children, Biff and Happy, and lastly his inability to productivelyRead MoreThe Self Destruction of Willy Loman - Death of a Salesman1051 Words   |  5 PagesIn Death of a Salesman, by Arthur Miller, Willy Lomans life seems to be slowly deteriorating. It is clear that Willys predicament is of his own doing, and that his own foolish pride and ignorance lead to his downfall. Willys self-destruction involved the uniting of several aspects of his life and his lack of grasping reality in each, consisting of, his relationship with hi s wife, his relationship and manner in which he brought up his children, Biff and Happy, and lastly his inability to productivelyRead MoreSeeing Inside Willys Head in Arthur Millers Death of a Salesman934 Words   |  4 PagesSeeing Inside Willys Head in Arthur Millers Death of a Salesman Arthur Miller chose to write, in the contemporary tragedy Death of A Salesman, about the story of an ordinary man driven by his own interpretation of the American dream. What characterizes this play is the way he does this : Miller breaks the boundaries of classical conventions of playwriting by allowing the audience to enter, visually as well as emotionally, Willys mind in order to permit a better comprehensionRead MoreDeath of a Salesman Summary + American Dream5929 Words   |  24 PagesAct 1, Scene 1 Miller begins his play with a bedtime dialogue between Willy and his wife, Linda.   Willy, an aging salesman, has just  returned  late from a business  trip.   Linda is very concerned, asking her husband if he had a  car accident.   Willy tiredly explains that indeed he did have a close call with his  car, veering off the road on two  occasionswhile enjoying the scenery.   Though at first Linda thinks that its a problem with the vehicle, eventually she attributes Willys driving problems toRead MorePostmodernism in White Noise by Don Delillo and Rabbit, Run by John Updike2560 Words   |  11 PagesThesis statement: The constant change in the world, as evidenced by consumerism in the books Rabbit, Run by John Updike and White Noise by Don DeLillo, gives a false sense of security to the protagonists of the two books thereby blurring the reality they are in and destroying them in the end. *** Don deLillo’s White Noise: Postmodern elements Most postmodern books have been published after World War II. First published in 1984, White Noise by Don deLillo explores the emergence of technology

Medical Situation Case Study Leg Ulcer Injury Dressing Injury

Question: Discuss about the Description of the Medical Situation Case Study Leg Ulcer Injury Dressing Injury. Answer: Description of the medical situation The case study involves a patient who is receiving home visit by a registered nurse for leg ulcer injury dressing injury, in every 4 days for a period of 5 weeks. Upon arrival at the hospital and diagnosed, he is found with acute pneumonia acquired through the community set up. After 10 days, the patient was discharged from hospital to home care, test assessments reveal that the medication earlier on administered needed to be reduced to 2 mg dose, Nifedine 10 mg TID, Coumadin 2 mg, Deoxycylcine 100 mg for 6 days administration with Nitrospray drug used for dressing the ulcerative leg in weekly basis. The dressing was advised to be resumed after with weekly bath. Meanwhile the registered nurse was to resume the diagnosis and visits at the home facility. As the client was being discharged, his neighbour picked him from the hospital. She took the new prescription given in the hospital, so the neighbour agreed to get the drugs for the client and some few groceries in the market and drop them at the hospital. The pharmacist at the chemist gave the neighbour the new information sheet with the new drug administration, which later the neighbour provided them to the client. As the neighbour dropped the drugs to the client for consumption, it was the time at which the client was supposed to take medication. The client was so exhausted, so he decided to take the medication however as he was trying to reach for his glasses to read the prescription. However, he was so tired and could not find the glasses and noted the new pills and took the drugs as was prescribed in the hospital. The client had taken wrong medication; the prescription given by the chemist was not conforming to the drug prescription of the hospital. The new drug had exerted anti coagulant effect in the body. The client was overpowered by the drug and felt so weak and unable to make any movements. The patient slept in bed till later on when the ambulance was called in after visit by the nurse. However already medical error had been committed and the patient had to be rushed for emergency care in the hospital. The neighbour was traumatised on his part that he had procured harmful drugs for the client. This tormented him so much. Short term and long term impacts of medical errors It is often said that to err is human, medical errors are common phenomenon and have been found to have dilapidating impacts on the medical practitioners who fall into third victims, (White Gallagher, 2011). In America research has shown that many people die as a result of medical errors which range from the auto mobiles accidents and statistics have shown that they are about 98,000 deaths per year. Most medical errors often go unreported, (Harolds et al., 2015). Due to this under reporting little has been established as to determine these cases. Self perceived medical errors have been found to be common among the health practitioners. As a result of this medical errors, second victims often feel feelings of guilt, much disappointment, a lot of fear and feeling of inadequacy which often have varying lengths levels, (Hobgood et al., 2005). The impact of these medical errors on the second victims has been a key area often needing attention. Second victims who are in the medical practice who take responsibility for the mistake have been shown to be more likely to report these mistakes often and make constructive adjustments. Long term impacts have included the reduction of emotional state of the medical practitioners well being, the quality of life, professional practice and conduct. The second victims often feel more guilt, upset depression and being scared. Others often have reported that it affects job satisfaction, ability to sleep, depressions and sacredness. Second victims have been found to have difficulty in adapting to coping strategies to manage the case. Response of senior management on medical errors incidences When tackling this issue, the role of senior health staff professionals should be supportive in nature and offer non judgemental approach to the second victims when medical errors occur. Among the health care organization there has been no specific roadmap for tackling medical errors. In the teaching fraternity there is no proper teaching on medical errors handling. At the current state of affairs the senior management staffs needs to ensure that there are proper reporting system of medical errors among the patients in the health care homes, (White et al., 2011). The health care management staffs need to facilitate proper health care professionals support and proper counselling services to the second victims. Some of the organizations often provide some type of employee staff support after the incidence occurrences. There is need to improve on the systems so as to minimise on medical errors. The management staffs need to provide safe environment which dont promote the occurrence of the medical errors. Second victims need formal support frameworks which gives them an opportunity to avoid the pervasive nature of the medical harm which is caused by the incident. There is need for removal of barriers which often are the blocking blocks of the effective support systems on the patients, (Scott et al., 2009). Creation of strategies which focus on the on the second victims have often risen. Providing them with educational skills of coping strategies is effective in solving the issue. Providing them with emotional support is effective in solving the issues they are facing and overcoming these challenges, (Bell, Moorman Delbanco, 2010). Impacts of medical errors on organization culture Organizational culture has been found to be closely associated to the health care staff. Safety culture window often represents the staff understanding of the hazards of often encountered in the health care work place, (Singla, Kitch, Weissman, Campbell, 2006). Patient safety has been an important avenue in the health care work place and has been shown to have impact on the general staff in the organization. Medical errors have an effect on team work performance. In organizations it has been stated that humans are systems which rely on err free performance which are doomed to fail. The need for patient safety has been observed to provide non punitive open disclosure by the individual staffs on the individual staff accountability and ensures team performance. Relational co-ordination has been linked to medical errors on teamwork co-ordination. It affects on timely and accurate information reporting and response, effects on mutual respect, common goals, shared knowledge view and respect of the staff. Future medical errors leads to reduce levels of team level management as it leads to barriers in team building and coordination among staff and workers in the health set ups. Organizational systems in managing medical errors Management of medical errors should be linked to proper organizational management process. Safety paradigm process should be ensured that they play key role in managing the staff levels. There is need for fully functional systems of care in which are interdependent on specialized functional systems. There is need for addressing system change in organizational management strategies in health care. Systems changes can be linked to the occurrence of addressing supplies shortage and proper equipment process which are geared towards minimising medical errors, (Cunningham et al., 2007). The need to incorporate information technology in health care practice is a component of system change is effective in error reduction and minimising harm among the clients. There is need for incorporating computerized physicians order entry systems and clinical support systems which are aimed at addressing the information technology issues which aid in reduction of errors, (Btaes, et al., 1998). Health care organizations support in adverse effects Effective support from the health care organizations need to be based on the premise of reliable and effective management policy which is aimed at reducing the chances of recurrences and avoiding medical errors. Enhancing solid intervention like building of new hospital information systems and reviewing the process often involved in removing hazardous effects of drugs. The handling of medical errors is strongly linked to the choice often take by the organizations to disclose these errors. The manner in which the information is passed and disclosed to the family members plays critical role in managing medical practitioners actions, (Zimlichman Bate, 2012). The approach adopted in managing the errors is often made in such a way that it is professional. Evaluation of the errors committed in health care is essential in managing errors and its consequences. Health care organizations need to be honest and incorporate participative and accountable models of handling manner among the staff often regarded as second victims, (Scott et al., 2009). Enhancing effective communication and collaboration and ensuring adequate administrative support for clinical safety is essential in supporting staff. Organizational psychological support is essential in managing the staff to handle and mange post effects of medical errors. The second victims have crucial role in managing the occurrence of medical errors, there is need for assisting the organizations in refashioning health care systems on minimizing of errors that are recipe for harm. There is need to be cognisant and acknowledge on the need to better handle ways of handling harm when they occur, (HHs, 2010). Conclusion Hence with this view, there is need for more organizational support in enabling the staff to manage medical errors which have negative harmful effects on the life and general working conditions. Having a well established community which offer effective social support is essential in managing medical errors when they occur. Thus building conducive environment which provide support between the staff and the organization is crucial to facilitate medical error management process. References Bates DW, Cohen M, Leape LL, et al. Reducing the frequency of errors in medicine using information technology. J Am Med Inform Assoc. 2001;8:299308. Bell SK, Moorman DW, Delbanco T. Improving the patient, family, and clinician experience after harmful events: the when things go wrong curriculum. Acad Med. 2010; 85: 1010?1017 Cunningham TR, Austin J. Using feedback, goal setting, and task clarification to increase the use of the hands free technique by hospital operating room staff. J Appl Behav Anal. 2007;40:673677. Harolds JA. Quality and Safety in Health Care, Part III:To Err is Human. Clin Nucl Med. 2015;40(10):793795. HHS Office of Inspector General. Adverse events in hospitals: national incidence among medicare beneficiaries. November 2010. OEI-06-09-00090 https://oig.hhs.gov/oei/reports/oei-06-09-00090.pdf. Hobgood C, Hevia A, Tamayo-Sarver JH, Weiner B, Riviello R. The influence of the causes and contexts of medical errors on emergency medicine residents responses to their errors:an exploration. Acad Med. 2005;80(8):758764. Scott SD, Hirschinger LE, Cox KR, et al. The natural history of recovery for the health care provider "second victim" after adverse patient events. Qual Saf Health Care 2009;18:325-30. Singla, A. K., Kitch, B. T., Weissman, J. S., Campbell, E. G. (2006). Assessing patient safety culture: A review and synthesis of the measurement tools.Journal of Patient Safety, 2, 105115. doi:10.1097/01.jps.0000235388.39149.5a White AA, Bell SK, Krauss MJ, Garbutt J, Dunagan WC, Fraser VJ, et al. How trainees would disclose medical errors:educational implications for training programmes. Med Educ. 2011;45(4):372380. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2923.2010.03875 Zimlichman, E., Bates, D. W. (2012). National patient safety initiatives: Moving beyond what is necessary. Israel Journal of Health Policy Research,1(20). Retrieved from https://www. ijhpr.org/content/1/1/20/abstract White AA, Gallagher TH. After the apology-coping and recovery after errors. Virtual Mentor. AmMed Assoc. 2011;13(9):593600. doi:10.1001/virtualmentor.2011.13.9.ccas1-1109.